During the Second World War, the era of amateurish inventors as pioneers of aviation came to an end, paving the way to various branches of engineering in materials, aerodynamics and electronics, and the rise of conceptual designers with extensive knowledge of and the capacity to dream about economics, ergonomics, military strategy, medical sciences, chemistry, physics and optics.

By the end of the 19th century, the mankind finally achieved the dream of flying an object (the man) heavier than the air thanks to a device that he developed, namely the engine. Although the engine helped the aircraft to make use of aerodynamic forces thanks to the power it generated, it also required other technologies for the aircraft to increase its transport capacity, flight endurance and speed. In time, the aviation required more and more complex technologies on account of pressure emanating from enemy aircraft during war and commercial competitors during peace. Against this background, conceptual designers entered the sector as playmakers, knowing what kind of knowledge to search for and where and how to find it.